Magnetic separator.



No. 871,298. PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907'.

A. SGHWARZ.

MAGNETIG SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED rm. 1, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

vxwagsg INVENTOR 60. M 5414M f BY 2 J ATTORNEY PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

A. SOHWARZ.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION IILBD FEB. 1, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES ALFRED SCHWARZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

' all whom cit/may concern:

PATENT oEE1oE.

MAGNETIC SEIPABLATOR.

'Be it knownthat I, ALFRED SCHWARZ a 'SllbjGClijOf theEmperor of Germany, and a i'esid'entof theborou h of Manhattan, city, county, and State New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements-vlin Magnetic Separators, of which the following is a specification.

magnetic separatorthe essential elements luau-application of even date herewith Serial'Number 298,977, I have described a "ofiwhich are a rifle-board'and banks of electro nnagn'ets arranged above and below said board. The magnets are disposed in rows running. obliquely of the rifle-board and by aasuitable commutator the magnetic fields of force-"are developed in successive rows of the up er bank alternately with those of the lower. ank so as to cause the magnetic par-' .ti cle's to be' carried in an oblique path substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rifles.

modification of the s direction-by an eccentric or crank 3. Se-.

' The present invention is directed to a tem described in'said application and will e understood by refer- :ence to the accompanying drawings in which, I

Figure '1 is a top view of the separator;

. Fig.2 a vertical section on the plane of the line 2+2Iof Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 a diagrammatic view of the commutator and circuit connections. Similar reference letters indicate similar parts-in the several views.

j Referring to the drawings the numeral 1 designates a table which is mounted on rock ng supports 2 and reciprocated by any suitable means, preferably in a horizontal cured. to said table is. a separator proper which consists of a frame having end pieces 4 into which steps are cut. Between these step-sections horizontaland vertical strips 5 and 6 res ectively are secured so as to con stitute ri es designated respectively 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11,- in which the separation hereafter described is effected. The vertical strips 6 extend above the planes of the strips 5 in order to prevent the material in the rifles being thrown toLthe next lower rifle by the jogging motion of the table.

Extending longitudinally of the frame both above and below the rifles are parallel slats 4' to which are secured any convenient number of electromagnets. These magnets are preferably of U shape so as to utilize Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 1, 1906. Serial No. 298.978.

shown diagrammaticall Patented Nov. 19 1907.

the entire magnetic field, and those of the bank below the rifles are preferably weaker than those of the upper bank. For the purose of illustration I have shown the upper bank of magnets as comprising four rows designated res ecitvely 12, 13,14 and 15, and so dispose that the polar faces are substantially over and a short distance above the edges of the vertical strips 6. By this arrangement when the rows of the upper bank of magnets are successively energized they, will attract the magnetic particles from the corresponding rifle and when denergized said particles will fall into the next lower rifle. From the ma ets 15 constituting the lowermost row t e separated magnetic particles Will be deposited in rifle 11 along which they will be carried by the jogging'motion of the table to a chute 16 and thence to a suitable bin The lower bank of electroma ets is shown as divided into three rows esignated reflpectively 17, 18 and 19, and these are so lsposed that their polar faces are in close proximity to the under sides ofthe rifles 8, 9 and 10 respectively and extend below substantiallythe center thereof.

The'ma nets of contiguous rows of the Y up er ban may be so arranged that poles o ike or opposite polarity face each other. The same condition may obtain in the rows of magnets of the lower bank. Similarly magnets of the upper and lower banksrelative to each other may be so disposed that a pole of the former is above one of like or opposite polarity.

he magnets of both banks are controlled by a commutator 20, the circuits being in Fig. 3. This commutator is mounte on a shaft and rotated byanysuitable means at a' speed adapted to the effective operation of the separator. It is divided into s ections by suitable insulation, the sections corresponding to the total number of rows of ma nets in both banks, these sections being designated re- .spectively in the order of rotation 12, 17,

13, 18, 14', 19 and 15. A stationary brush 21 in contact with the face of the commutator is connected to one terminal of the source of current. The feedline 22 connected to the other terminal has branches leading therefrom to the several rows of magnets as shown. The rows of magnets above described are separately grouped in series, each row being connected to a corresponding commutator section, that'- is magnets 12 to section 12', magnets 17- tosection 17 and so on, it resulting therefrom .that during a single rotation of the commutator the rowsof magnets will "be energized in the followingorder 12, 1 7, 13, 18, 14, 19, 15. That is the magnets'ar'e energized in rows alternately above and below one row being energized at energized and when that occurs the mag netic particles will be attracted and remain attached to the oles thereof during their period of ma etization. As soon as magnets 12 are energized by the section 12 .of the commutator passing from under the brush 21' the attracted particleswill be released and at the moment of demagnetiza tion of said magnetsthe magnets 17 will be energized by reason of the contact of section 17 of the commutator with brush 21. Under the combined attractive force of magnets 17 and the jogging motion of the table the particles released from magnets 12 will be deposited in rifile 8. From the latter the commutator.

magnetic particles will be lifted out when magnets 13 are energized by the contact of section 13 of the commutator with brush 21, and deposited in rifile 9 under the attractive force of magnets 18' and the jogging motion of the table when the former magnets are denergized and the latter energized in the course of-the rotation of the The above described operations will-be repeated by magnets 14 and 19 as they are successively energizedand deenergized. From the rifile 10 the magnetic particles will be raised by Ina netsv 15, and when the latter are denergize the released particles will fall into the lowermost riflie 11 v v along hi h they will be carried to the chute 1 6.

The s eedof rotation of the commutator and the intensity of the successive magnetic fields from the uppermost to the'lowermost riflie may be varied according to the character ofthematerial treated and the thorou h these conditions have been so adjusted that the magnetic g} I uppermost to t e lowermost rifliein rapidly succeedin wave-like formations. The interval of time elapsing between the magnetizationof successive rows of the up er bank with the intervenin fields of force eveloped alternately therewith in the rows of the lower'bank is of such short duration that a given mass of magnetic particles separated g ness of the separation desired. In practlce articles are. swept from the amassby the magnets 12-barely'touches the riflies as it is swept onward by the fields successively developed in magnets 12,13, 14 and 15.

The reciprocations of the separator as the material is fed to it tend to throw the latter inthelongitudinal direction of the separator.

; This results in the non-magnetic particles being carried along the liflles in the direction of their -l'en'gth, a large percentage of such particles being set free at the first separation y the magnets 12 and they will be gradually carried by the jogging motion of the sepa' rator along the riifie 7 within thefields of magnets 12 so that by the time a iven. mass reaches the end of the i'iflle it wil be prac-J tically freed of all magnetic particles.-

More or less non-magnetic particles will be carried over mechanically in the masses separated .by the magnets 12- but as such masses are turned over and over during. their'progr'ess toward the lowermost rifile -'11 the nonmagnetic articles will be set free and. will fall into t e-riflies along which they will be harriedl As many riflies may be"provided as will in practice insure the complete-separation of all of the magnetic particles by the time a given mass reaches the lowermost riflile 11. A= se arator constructed in accordance; with t e present-specification has beenfound inpractice to give. ood results with four separating 'riflies, it .eing found that a very small percentage of.non-magnetic particlesis carried as far as the riflie 10.

During the sweep of the magnetic articles between the magnets'12,13', 14 an -"15,'the

lower magnets .17, 18 and 19, tend to hold said particles from being thrown forward by the, jogging movement of the table so that such motion acts primarily to release the nonmagnetic particles and to facilitate their travel toward the outletsof theriflies. The magnets 17, 18 and 19 may therefore be made weaker bank.

The outlet ends of the riflles 7, 8, 9 and 10 open into an inclined chute 24 at one end of than the magnetsof the upper I the frame and from said chute the non-m netic particles are delivered to a .suitab e bin.-

The frame comprising the banks of magnets and riflles may run in the same direction as the table or it may be placed obliquely of the longitudinal direction of the table 1. An angle of about 30 has been found in practice to give good results. However this may be it will be noted that successive fields of force are developed along lines parallel with the riffies and that the separation is effected by causing 'the non-magnetic par-' ticles to travel along the riflles andthe magnetic particles to be carried in paths .transversely thereof. I

It will be noted that the separation of the magnetic from the non-magnetic articles is efiected by the upper bank 0 magnets.

The lower bank of magnets is not absolutely essential to the successful Operation of the separator and may be omitted.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: w

1. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table having riflles thereon arranged successively in different horizontal planes, means for feeding the material to be treated to the uppermost riflle, electromagnets disposed above and below saidriflles, and means for energizing and denergizing said magnets successively alternately above and below the riflles from the uppermost to the lowermost to effect the transportation of the magnetic particles from one rifile to the next lowermost.

2. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table having riflies thereon arranged successively in different horizontal planes, means for feeding the material to be treated to the uppermost riffle, electroma nets having their polar faces substantialy over and in proximity to the outer edge of said rifiies, 'electromagnets having their polar faces in roximity to the under side of said rifiles, and means for energizing and deener izing said magnets successively alternate y above and below the rifiies from the uppermost to the lowermost to effect the transportation of the magnetic particles from one riflle to the next lowermost.

In witness whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED 'SOHWARZ.

Witnesses OLIN A. FosTER, M. E. MONINOH. 

